Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
貨期:
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用途:
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
Catalyzes two distinct but analogous reactions: the reversible epimerization of UDP-glucose to UDP-galactose and the reversible epimerization of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine to UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine. The reaction with UDP-Gal plays a critical role in the Leloir pathway of galactose catabolism in which galactose is converted to the glycolytic intermediate glucose 6-phosphate. It contributes to the catabolism of dietary galactose and enables the endogenous biosynthesis of both UDP-Gal and UDP-GalNAc when exogenous sources are limited. Both UDP-sugar interconversions are important in the synthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids.
基因功能參考文獻(xiàn):
Mutation in UDP-galactose-4'-epimerase gene is associated with UDP-galactose-4'-epimerase deficiency. PMID: 26565537
Data show the protein structure of GALE and its substrate binding and specificity. It is mutated in type III galactosemia. [review] PMID: 26162744
human UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase stability is increased by variants associated with type III galactosemia but decreased by substrate and cofactor binding PMID: 25150110
These data indicated a critical role of GALE in maintaining cartilage homeostasis, and suggested that GALE inhibition might contribute to OA progress. PMID: 25201731
GALE variants can be arranged into three groups depending on the severity of enzyme impairment. PMID: 23644136
P.K161N-hGALE causes its effects by abolishing an important interaction between the protein and the cofactor. PMID: 22613355
study of hGALE crystal structure and demonstration that residue 307 acts as a gatekeeper mediating substrate access to the hGALE active site PMID: 15175331
Resulst describe the relationship among UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase activity, substrate specificity, metabolic balance, and galactose sensitivity in mammalian cells. PMID: 15701638
Data suggest that reduced catalytic efficiency and increased proteolytic susceptibility of UDP-galactose 4-epimerase are causative factors in type III galactosemia. PMID: 16302980
Subtle biochemical and metabolic abnormalities detected in patients expressing these GALE alleles likely reflect, at least in part, the reduced enzymatic activity of the encoded GALE proteins. PMID: 18188677
Our observations show that altered protein stability is due to misfolding and that loss or reduction of enzyme activity is responsible for the molecular defects underlying GALE-deficiency galactosemia. PMID: 19250319
Disease-causing mutations result in a variety of changes to the steady-state parameters. Mostly these are changes in turnover number, kcat. The ability to dimerize is not affected, but some mutants have increased sensitivity to protease digestion. PMID: 16302980